Backcross breeding pdf files

Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Backcross breeding was used to intogress the ln1 and ln2 and a yellow seed color marker gene into canadian flax cultivars mcgregor and norlin, to develop linola cultivars dribnenki and green, 1995. Third, select genetic types, breeds, and individuals within breeds for compatibility with the the first two considerations. Introduction in the process of developing new cultivars well adapted to a specific environment, the genetic diversity of our breeding materials has gradually narrowed and some alleles available for future use are likely to be lost. If the trait of interest is produced by a dominant gene, this process involves four rounds of backcrossing. Over the past 30 years, the american chestnut foundation tacf has pursued backcross breeding to generate hybrids that combine the timber. Reciprocal cross is different a pair of crosses in which the male or. We continue to test backcross seedlings for both nut quality and virus resistance and currently have approximately 600 s eedlings under active evaluation. You can merge pdfs or a mix of pdf documents and other files.

Genetic background screening to accelerate backcross. Accelerated development of rice stripe virusresistant, nearisogenic. Pdf mapping of genomic regions associated with arsenic. Backcross breeding to develop an english walnut with a hypersensitive response to the cherry leafroll virus is proceeding. The entire genome is analyzed at each generation, which may make unexpected genetic variation or breeding errors easier to detect. List reasons why backcross breeding is necessary in developing genetically engineered lines. Background genotypes were simulated assuming that a genetic model of many genes of small effects in coupling phase explains the observed breed difference and variance in backcross populations. Crosses are conducted using the same methods as in conven tional cultivar breeding but. Markerassisted backcrossing qtl for partial resistance to. The objective is to reduce the donor genome content dgc of the progenies by repeated backcrosses. Use of different cultivar genotypes each generation of backcrossing minimized inbreeding and. Tutorial of the breeding planner bp for marker assisted.

Germplasm the greatest service which can be rendered to any country is to add a useful plant to its culturethomas jefferson. The minnesota chestnut programnew promise for breeding a blightresistant american chestnut philip a. Pdf selection in backcross programmes researchgate. Markerassisted introgression in backcross breeding programs. Backcrossing is a wellknown and long established breeding scheme where a characteristic is introgressed from a donor parent into the. Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent. Optimizing genomic selection for blight resistance in. Fairchild was responsible for bringing the cherry trees from japan to d. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The tgms gene expression nonpollen type called tmsx gene which is located on rice chromosome 2 were reported by peng et al. You may get dogs with the right behaviors, and the wrong look, the. Maintaining a breeding colony of mice is one method of generating and then ensuring an available supply of experimental subjects with desired characteristics. Although mice breed readily when left to themselves, it is helpful to have a working knowledge of.

When the f1 is crossed with homozygous recessive parent. Linkage drag in backcross breeding in barley article pdf available in journal of heredity 803. Backcross breeding method is a precise way of improving varieties that are good in many respects but may have one or few deficiencies. These two projects used teosinte accessions collected from various geographic locations figure s1.

Qtl quantitative trait loci, genetic analysis and characterization of crops with various dna markers and isozymes. A procedure to minimize the linkage drag in backcross breedininis. Return of the american chestnut university of maryland. This is the practice of introducing unrelated genetic material into a breeding line. The symbols and definitions for mouse generation numbers used by the jackson laboratory are listed below. Polymerase chain reaction pcrbased genotyping of maize.

One hundred years of bean breeding at michigan state. Backcross backcross breeding essentially a method for improving an established variety that is deficient in only one or a few characteristics the backcross generations converge on a single genotype only breeding method in which the results are both predictable and repeatable requirements. Mapping of genomic regions associated with arsenic toxicity stress in a backcross breeding populations of rice oryza sativa l. This breeding program generally starts with crosses between a commercially acceptable cultivar recurrent. This is the planting program that is the most rewarding and the one we need the most.

Harlan and pope in 1922 first proposed backcrossing as an appropriate breeding method for cereal crops. Sep 14, 2016 backcrossing backcross breeding is a wellknown procedure for the introgression of a target gene from a donor line into the genomic background of a recipient line. Materials and methods backcross process in 2002, sd1 was used as the recurrent parent in a backcross to transfer its insect resistant attributes to naturally colored cotton of brown, green, dark green and red brick the non recurrent parents. Pdf backcrossing is a wellknown and long established breeding scheme where a characteristic is introgressed from a donor parent into the genomic. Backcross techniques in transferring insect resistance and. Population iv popiv was derived from a conventional backcross with ny60204 as the donor parent of the b8 qtl. Selection theory for markerassisted backcrossing genetics. Sep 26, 2010 test cross and a back cross are the same use a double recessive in the cross. With selfing plants, their traits remain the same upon selfing. Burnham hypothesized that one could marry the best characteristics of both the american and asiatic species. Backcross is an efficient breeding procedure in transferring traits governed by one or. It increases genetic diversity, thus reducing the probability of an individual being subject to disease or genetic abnormalities outcrossing is now the norm of most purposeful animal. Only plants from rr bc2 plants are crossed to rp single recessive allele progeny test in same season each bc4f1 plant is progeny tested. Backcrossing breeding dominance genetics plant breeding.

The backcross breeding project is designed to introduce resistance to blackline disease from. Backcross breeding plays an important role in transfer of novel alleles from mutant populations into elite recipient lines. American chestnut was once a foundation species of eastern north american forests, but was rendered functionally extinct in the early 20th century by an exotic fungal blight cryphonectria parasitica. Kidwell encyclopedia of life support systems eolss dianthus herbatus and thus was more botanical in nature rather than aimed at the improvement of a crop population. New techniques ln backcross breeding for rice improvement hiroshi fujimak. Kidwell encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 2. It takes the breeder at least two or three years to derive a backcross line that is the genetic equivalent of the elite line plus the event. Merging backcross breeding and transgenic blight resistance to accelerate restoration of the american chestnut the american chestnut foundations breeding and selection plan 2015 2025 jared westbrook director of science, tacf national office, asheville, nc revised february 12th 2018. The american chestnut foundation tacf backcross breeding program uses resistance from castanea mollissima chinese chestnut species common in united states three stages of backcross breeding. In some instances markers for selection are removed by backcrossing with. Selfing cannabis for breeding selfing is the process of creating a seed by fertilizing a plant with pollen obtained from itself.

Survival and growth of chestnut backcross seeds and seedlings. Polymerase chain reaction pcr based genotyping of maize backcross families b b a h h b b h h a b a h a a h b h h h a h b h a h b b h b b b a a h h a a b b h h b b a a h h. Implementation of molecular markers for quantitative traits. Markerassisted backcrossing is routinely applied in breeding programs for gene introgression. Optimized breeding strategies for multiple trait integration. Identifying rare fhbresistant segregants in intransigent. Save the result files right click the file name, and then select save as to save the breeding. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. A recipe for the perfect salsa tomato david francis, the ohio state university the national association of plant breeders in partnership with the. The 384 mouse snp panel complements our other mouse and rat genetic background panels for inbred and outbred lines. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using selectable markers, elisa, and pcr in screening for. A set of 85 backcross inbred lines derived from the backcross. Survival and growth of chestnut backcross seeds and. Tutorial of the breeding planner bp for marker assisted backcrossing mabc bp system consists of three tools relevant to molecular breeding.

Pdf qtl mapping of seed vigor of backcross inbred lines. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. You will need to backcross, and you will need to keep more than one or two puppies to choose from for that backcross. Backcross breeding essentially a method for improving an established variety that is deficient in only one or a few characteristics the backcross generations converge on a single genotype only breeding method in which the results are both predictable and repeatable. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. If the trait of interest is produced by a dominant gene, this process involves four rounds of backcrossing within seven seasons. Markerassisted backcross breeding of high priority resistance genes into a set of elite breeding lines. It is a commitment of an acre of welldrained soil, and of 8 to 10. Site selection growing trees in oldham county, shelby county and jefferson county. Burnham the title of this paper introduces a new word into the chestnut literature, promise. The minnesota chestnut program new promise for breeding a.

In maize, this process utilizes the backcross breeding method to incorporate transgenic events or genes of interest. Crosses are conducted using the same methods as in conventional cultivar breeding. Although the transgene is put into a soybean plant in the plant transformation process. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent.

Pdf on dec 10, 2017, jakir hossain and others published backcross breeding find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. In this study, ir64 was used as recurrent parent, while the tgms line was used as donor parent. After that point the plant breeder can work with the genetically engineered line in the same manner they work with other parents in their breeding program. Implementation of molecular markers for quantitative. Harvestplus, a global leader in biofortification, is leveraging a worldwide network of scientists to breed and disseminate new biofortified varieties of staple food crops that are rich in vitamin a, zinc, or iron. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 2 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing will result in a variety homozygous at all loci, including newly transferred genes the new variety would have all the adaptability of the recurrent parent in addition to the good characteristics of the. Improvement of transgenic alfalfa by backcrossing springerlink. The classical cultivar breeding project uses traditional methods to develop and release new cultivars that combine precocity high early yield and early harvesting with kernel quality, inshell traits, and disease resistance. Molecular and functional characterization of gr2r1 event.

Backcross breeding for hypersensitivity to cherry leafroll virus. How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc. The past, present and future of plant breeding vib. Additional matings may be required for differentiating between. Markerassisted backcross breeding mab is an ideal approach to successfully introduce the new genes into diverse rice cultivars collard and mackill. Backcross refers to crossing of f1 with either of its parents. Dec 22, 2015 backcross method for dominant and recessive gene transfer. Controlled pollination the first step to making tacfs breeding stock is to find american chestnuts with which to cross chinese and advanced backcross pollen. The efficiency of markerassisted introgression in backcross populations derived from inbred lines was investigated by simulation. Backcross breeding is a traditional plant breeding method used by modern plant breeding programs to incorporate transgenes into elite lines. Click add files and select the files you want to include in your pdf. In the breeding program, backcross method was used. Sep 01, 2019 two projects assayed the effects of teosinte chromosomal segments that had been transferred into maize by backcross breeding studer and doebley 2012.

Breaking linkage drag surrounding resistance genes, focusing on problematic tylcv resistance sources. Molecular marker technology, marker assisted selection in plant breeding. Cgiar systemwide program on participatory research and gender. Conventional backcross breeding has been used to introduce useful agronomic traits into an elite cultivar or breeding line by repeated crossing. Selection theory for markerassisted backcrossing ncbi. The backcross breeding orchards, purpose and implementation. The result of selfing is a population that is derived from one parent, known as s1 then every generation after is s2, s3, etc. The research work was carried out under the project titled development of provitamin a rich indica rice varieties through marker assisted backcross breeding using high carotenoid golden rice as donor funded by the department of biotechnology, government of india, new delhi. One hundred years of bean breeding at michigan state university.

First, determine the production and marketing conditions and match applicable levels of animal performance to these conditions. Outcrossing or outbreeding is the technique of crossing between different breeds with no common ancestors. Genetic background screening to accelerate backcross breeding. For many decades the backcross breeding program has targeted the first solution by backcrossing the hypersensitivity to blackline disease found in northern california black walnut into commercially acceptable english walnut cultivars.

Asire breed might be used for from one to several breeding seasons, most commonly for two or three. Pdf backcrossbreeding and doubledhaploid facilitated. Hybrid vigor estimates for backcross of crisscross breeding. Plant breeding and genetics encyclopedia of life support. Chestnut was present in pockets in these counties, as shown by some surviving old log cabins with chestnut in the logs.

Backcrossbreeding and doubledhaploid facilitated introgression of stripe rust resistance in bread wheat article pdf available in archives of phytopathology and plant protection 4714. In 2008, seeds of two parent species of chestnut 100% american and 100% chinese and three breeding generations b 1 f 3, b 2 f 3, and b 3 f 2. A cross between f1 hybrid and one of its parents is known as a backcross. While selection theory is the most important tool for the design of breeding programs for improvement of quantitative characters, no general selection theory is available for markerassisted backcrossing. Plant breeding methods and use of classical plant breeding. Mouse strain generation numbers provide additional information on the genetic background and breeding history of mouse strains that cannot be captured in the mouse strain names. Surfacemined lands provide a land base where these backcross chestnut seedlings may be introduced back into forests. Development of markers to accelerate backcross breeding using markerassisted background selection. From the fi nal backcross, a bc 2 f 1 plant with the b8 qtllinked markers was selfed to produce 33 f 2 seed that were advanced by singleseed descent to produce 33 bc 2 f 4. Backcrossing breeding free download as powerpoint presentation. Backcross method for dominant and recessive gene transfer. Plants identified as heterozygous are selected for backcross breeding in this summers nursery. Recurrent parentan elite line that can be made better by adding the gene of interest. While selection theory is the most important tool for the design of.

Introduction to plant breeding master gardener training. After f 1 was obtained, the resistant line sd1 was backcrossed to. Deciphering the genetic mechanism involved in seed aging and improving seed storability is therefore a vital goal for rice breeding. Backcross breeding enables breeders to transfer a desired trait such as a transgene from one variety donor parent, dp into the favored genetic background of another recurrent parent, rp. The backcross orchard is a basic unit of the tacf breeding program. Ordinarily, a single breed of sire is used during a breeding season to produce more uniform progeny and sim. Third, markers that are unlinked to a target allele can also be useful in markerassisted backcrossing, by permitting selection for those progeny with higher proportions of the recurrent parent genetic background. Moving south towards the knobs, there are rare old chestnut ghosts still standing. Microsatelliteassisted backcross selection in maize scielo. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding and in production of gene knockout organisms. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using selectable markers, elisa, and pcr in screening for transgenic plants during the backcrossing process. The meadowview backcross breeding program is now reaching the final stages of selection for blight resistance. The national association of plant breeders in partnership.

Ppt backcross breeding powerpoint presentation free to. Large segregating bc 3 f 2 populations have been generated by open pollination among selected bc 3 f 1 descendants of the clapper and graves trees. History of plant breeding the most rudimentary forms of plant breeding likely originated during the transition of. Auroras guide to mouse colony management at mit aurora burds connor, feb 2007. Usefulness of chromosomal aberrations in animal breeding aberraciones cromosomicas y su empleo en genetica animal. The backcross breeding project is designed to introduce resistance to blackline disease from the northern california black walnut into a commerc ially acceptable english walnut cultivar. A procedure to minimize the linkage drag in backcross breeding of. Backcross and doubled haploid, as well as traditional breeding. Previously, researchers have only been willing to hold out hope, but we feel the breeding program presented below. Breeding alfalfa which regenerates from callus tissue in culture. Backcross backcross breeding essentially a method for improving an established variety that is deficient in only one or a few characteristics the backcross generations converge on a single genotype only breeding method in which the results. Click, drag, and drop to reorder files or press delete to remove any content you dont want. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 2 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing will result in a variety homozygous at all loci, including newly transferred genes the new variety would have all the adaptability of the recurrent parent in addition to the good.